Emacs is a belief! Introduced the world's most powerful editor

Editor's note: This is how the world's most powerful kind of strong law? One said: Emacs is a "faith." Another said: the world's programmers are three points

, A way to use Emacs, a way to use vim, the remaining is the other. (Completely ignoring the existence of the other editors ... ...)

To look at this was regarded as a religion, can coffee is what the editor looks like.

1, Emacs history

The initial version of the Emacs process is RichardStallman written in 1975 (age were greater than the number of readers it:)). After its derivative version

The numerous. Currently the two most frequently used version is RichardStallman developed in 1984 a version - GNUEmacs and 1991 by

JamieZawinski written XEmacs.

You will see him referred to dizziness.

E. M. A. C. S.

Emacs Makes A Computer Slow
Escape Meta Alt Control Shift
Emacs Makers Are Crazy Sickos
Emacs Makes All Computing Simple
Emacs Makefiles Annihilate C-Shells
Emacs Manuals Always Cause Senility
Emacs May Allow Customized Screwups
Emacs Manuals Are Cryptic and Surreal
Eventually Munches All Computer Storage
Eight Megabytes And Constantly Swapping
Elsewhere Maybe All Commands are Simple
Excellent Manuals Are Clearly Suppressed
Emacs May Alienate Clients and Supporters
Except by Middle Aged Computer Scientists
Extended Macros Are Considered Superfluous
Every Mode Accelerates Creation of Software
Each Manual''s Audience is Completely Stupefied
Exceptionally Mediocre Algorithm for Computer Scientists
Easily Maintained with the Assistance of Chemical Solutions
Eradication of Memory Accomplished with Complete Simplicity
(PConline Note: Please forgive no translation. Speak the translation more difficult, and many things were completely lost in the translation of the original flavor

Dao. )

Media Partners For reprint, please contact the author on their own, get permission.








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Performance Evaluation of 10 folly

Performance is no fun at all. On the contrary, it often is very upset because the manager's performance evaluation is always a very stupid way, even this one pair of very important for everyone, one thing all messed up.

The first one kind of stupid behavior: spending too much time wasted on performance evaluation, rather than to the performance plan or the performance of continuous exchanges.

Performance assessment is a process at any time during the final link. On managers and employees a good communication link between. Therefore, we should devote more time to prevent problems that may affect performance and should not be concentrated in the year-end to assess performance. If managers know how steady and, then, the assessment process may be very simple, but may also be very happy, because such findings are not surprising.

The first two kinds of folly: the staff were compared.

Want to destroy the feelings of hurt morale and undermine the team, distrust it? It to the staff position, or to compare it to the staff! This method of quasi-line. In addition, managers not only in manufacturing all kinds of friction between employees, and may become a target of public criticism. This is the reward received by the manager.

The first three kinds of stupidity: forgetting the purpose of assessment is to improve, not criticism.

The purpose of performance evaluation is to improve performance, not look for a classic, for criticism. Forget that the last train out of the manager staff may no longer trust them, or can not tolerate them. That is because the criticism is meaningless, but also does not help. If any meaningful performance evaluation, it is that managers and employees to work together to move forward.

The first four kinds of folly: a evaluation form that is objective and impartial tool.

Many companies use assessment form (for example, is divided into five, etc.) to evaluate employees. They are only too happy to do so, probably because it is such a method particularly fast, but it is not necessarily the right approach. Once the managers feel that this classification is "correct" or objective, then the question arises, because this assessment is subjective at best, incorrect. For example, you get two people to assess with an employee, you will find that the findings are likely to far cry. This is the subjective assessment of performance. You should constantly remind ourselves: a hierarchy is the subjective evaluation form is subjective, assessment form is not feasible.

The first five kinds of stupid behavior: If the individual salaries and performance evaluation separated, then it stop the assessment.

This phenomenon quite common. The reason why the performance evaluation of managers often pay for their results as a basis. When wages peaked, or that wages have been separated and assessment and performance, the manager says, uninterested. What a stupid idea ah! Performance evaluation is to improve performance, not just to an increase in wages (although some people do not think so). Moreover, both the money or no money, everyone wants people to feedback on their work.

No. 6 folly: the manager believes he can accurately assess staff.

Manager deluding themselves that they can accurately assess staff performance, in fact, they may not have seen the process of staff work, not even seen the staff work results. Therefore, accurate assessment is impossible. Most managers are not in order to accurately assess staff and monitor staff work long. However, the manager and he likes to do, or have plenty of time to do so. Meanwhile, what employees want managers observe their every move from above it? Therefore, in the assessment process, we hope that managers and employees to work together.

Article 7 folly: to cancel or postpone evaluation meeting.

Such things often happen. I guess it is because of simply not accepted by the people so the manager had to admit any further delay. Why cancel or postpone the assessment of the meeting will have an enormous negative impact? It could have caused such an impression staff: assessment is unimportant, false. If managers do not want to hold assessment, then they do not assessed. Employees are not stupid in the end managers will attach importance to assess, to see that they are.

Article 8 folly: to measure or evaluate small.

Life is this: the most easily measured, most easily assessed is the work of the chores. Managers interested in the customer service is defined as "the phone rang three times to answer the phone within", or whatever the requirement. If you want this assessment, it is too easy enough. Really not easy to assess the overall quality of service, those who can attract customers, retain the overall quality of customer service. Measure of overall customer service quality is difficult, so many managers do not want to do, and to assess the trivia.

No. 9 folly: in the assessment process for employees by surprise.

You want a real waste of time, hoping for a paltry performance? Try this method must be right. No see the manager and staff throughout the year talk. When employees in a mess, not come forward to tube, but for the time being put aside, memorization mind. Then, to assess the meeting, the manager will collect all will fall into the past to mix out of the staff by surprise. In fact, one can only see just who is boss.

Article 10 kinds of stupid behavior: that all employees, all work the same procedure should be adopted, according to exactly the same methodology to assess.

All employees need the same approach to improve its performance? Of course not. Some people need specific feedback, others do not; some people need more communication, while others do not. Of course, the work is not the same. Do you want to, we can use the same method to assess the Ford Motor Company's CEO and workshop cleaning it? Of course not. So, why do managers insist on using the same tools and the same criteria to assess the receptionist and civil engineers?

This is stupid. Can not put the same standards universally applicable. So why do managers do? Probably because the Ministry of Personnel or Human Resources Department asked them to do so. This is understandable, but that does not change this fact: that is, it is foolish.






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COMPARE 0

Shorewall simply set the single-user

Because my machine configuration is not high, firestarter too unstable in breezy on my old crash, novice guide to the top of the shorewall is not aimed at single users, the rules of grammar shorewall3.0.4 change.

The machine: The Telecom ADSL, ISP dynamically assigned ip.鍗曟満鍗曠綉鍗¤繛鎺dsl modem(PPPoE)涓婄綉锛屽叏鏂板畨瑁卻horewall銆?br />
1, linux firewall basics

銆??闄や簡杞欢鍜岀‖浠堕槻鐏鐨勫垎绫诲锛屽鏋滀互灏佸寘鎶垫尅鏈哄埗鏉ュ垎绫伙紝澶ф鍙互鍒嗕负proxy鍜孖P Filter銆?br />
Basically there are two linux's IP Filter firewall basic mechanisms, namely: Ip Filter and TCP_Wrapper.

銆??杩欓噷鎴戜滑璋圛P Filter锛屽洜涓簊horewall鍙互閫氳繃IPTABLES绠?崟璁剧疆IP Filter鐨勮鍒欍?

Or: If you do not trouble the syntax of iptables rules, or you can write your own batch of some iptables command shell procedure, can not install shorewall or any other firewall. Because the basic firewall under linux by setting the iptables rules are completed.

1. First determine (uname command to determine the core, lsmod to determine the current load module, if ipchains, run rmmod ipchains.

Then modprobe ip_tables iptables can be used in the module loaded now) what your kernel is used to resist the mechanism is not

銆??鎴戜滑闇?鐨刬ptables(Ubuntu5.10鐨勬槸iptables)

銆??Linux Kernel Version 2.0锛氫娇鐢?ipfwadm

Linux Kernel Version 2.2: using ipchains

銆??Linux Kernel Version 2.4锛氫富瑕佹槸浣跨敤 iptables 浣嗕负浜嗗吋瀹?ipchains 锛屽洜姝ゅ湪 Version 2.4 鐗堟湰涓紝鍚屾椂灏?ipchains 缂栬瘧鎴愭ā缁勪緵浣跨敤锛屽ソ璁╀娇鐢ㄨ?浠嶇劧鍙互浣跨敤渚嗚嚜 2.2 鐗堢殑 ipchains 鐨勯槻鐏瑙勫垯銆?br />
And then execute the following code to watch the current firewall rules (network case, root user)

$ Sudo iptables-L-n (L is the meaning of the rules listed in the current table, n is the meaning of IP and HOSTNAME to the mutual conversion, this can speed up the display speed)

銆??$ sudo iptables -t nat -L -n (-t nat鐨勫惈涔夋槸鏄剧ずnat鐨刦ilter銆俰ptables浼氭湁nat tables鍜宖ilter tables锛屼笉鍔犲弬鏁颁负filter銆傛湁鍏磋叮鐨勫厔寮熷彲浠ュ弬鐪嬪叾浠栧叧浜巌ptables鐨勪粙缁嶏紝浠嬩簬澶暱锛屾澶勪笉鍋氫粙缁?)

Next we removed all the existing firewall rules (network case) root @ *** root] # / sbin / iptables [-t tables] [-FXZ]

The meaning of which parameters are:

銆??-F 锛氭竻闄ゆ墍浠ュ凡缁忓缓绔嬬殑瑙勫垯;

銆??-X 锛氭潃鎺夋墍鏈変娇鐢ㄨ?寤虹珛鐨?chain ( tables );

-Z: a count of all the chain and the traffic statistics classified as 0;

Example: [root @ *** root] # / sbin / iptables-F

[Root @ *** root] # / sbin / iptables-X

[Root @ *** root] # / sbin / iptables-Z

[Root @ *** root] # / sbin / iptables-t nat-F

Second, the specific installation Shorewall3.0.4

銆??涓嬭浇shorewall鏈?柊鐨勭ǔ瀹氱増鏈?.0.4(tarball瀹夎锛屽嵆涓烘簮浠ｇ爜make瀹夎銆傜‘瀹氫綘鐨勬満鍣ㄨ窡闅忊?鏂版墜鎸囧崡鈥欒浜嗗熀鏈紪璇戝伐鍏?锛岀敱浜庢柊绔嬪緱閲岄潰杩樻槸2.澶氱殑鐗堟湰锛屽湪瀹樻柟缃戠珯鐪嬬殑鏄?鐨勪粙缁嶏紝鎵?互瀹夎3.0.4銆?Installation is simple and does not have other dependent issues.

1. Download: http://www1.shorewall.net/pub/shorewall/3.0/shorewall-3.0.4/

2. You'll need: iptables (mentioned above) + iproute (check this command is sudo Which ip) (basically ubuntu5.10 having had, so it can not be considered)

3. Try not to edit the ms-windows inside the shorewall configuration files, because the ms and lin are not the same text layout, such as carriage return.

4.cd to your directory after extracting and then. / Install.sh Enter, see no error message, the OK. But at the moment does not start shorewall. Like to hold us to start.榛樿瀹夎涔嬪悗灏辨槸姣忔鍚姩灏辫嚜鍔ㄥ惎鍔ㄩ槻鐏(璁剧疆鏂囦欢鍦?/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf銆傛壘鍒癝TARTUP_ENABLED=Yes

, Yes representatives at startup!)

銆??5.瀹夎涔嬪悗鎵?湁鏂囦欢鍒嗗埆浣嶄簬锛?usr/shorewall 鍜?sbin 鍜?/etc/shorewall锛屾垜浠渶瑕佹敞鎰忕殑灏辨槸/etc/shorewall銆?Here is the configuration file. (Personal recommendation, for a number of important and often do not need to change the file can be hidden attribute chattr + i up, specific instructions, please look for 'man' man)

6. View installed version: sudo shorewall version 3.0.4 of the message can be

銆??涓夈?閰嶇疆Shorewall3.0.4

Detailed in the official documentation: http://www.shorewall.net/Documentation.htm, shorewall many documents, but little used in general users, especially our dial-up users of this single.

1. First of all configuration / etc / shorewall / zones file, browse to the last, add the following code: # ZONE TYPE OPTIONS

There's this line of the original document, fw is the firewall itself, must be net ipv4

loc ipv4

# LAST LINE - DO NOT REMOVE

One of each type, options explained, the front part of the profile there, if we have strict requirements, you can refer to file configuration, the general user profile into the top on it.

2. Configure / etc / shorewall / interfaces, (here is the name used in the ZONE files / etc / shorewall / zones defined in the name, so in order not to mistake. This zone is relatively simple name and recommended this approach.) # ZONE INTERFACE BROADCAST OPTIONS

net ppp0

# LAST LINE - DO NOT REMOVE

Similarly, the profile of the various parameters were explained in detail

3. Configure / etc / shorewall / rules and / etc / shorewall / policy

Relations: policy is to define the default policy to all of the connections (from one zone to another zone, such as we defined from the loc to net);

rules is to define specific firewall rules, that is the policy which do not.

Has conditions: any connection, firewall, first check the rules, if the rule does not describe the requirements on this link, you call the policy of the default configuration.

/ Etc / shorewall / policy configuration as follows (default) # SOURCE ZONE DESTINATION ZONE POLICY LOG LIMIT: BURST

# LEVEL

loc net ACCEPT

net all DROP info

all all REJECT info

# LAST LINE - DO NOT REMOVE

I usually read the following, to save each open port trouble. fw net ACCEPT

net all DROP info

all all REJECT info

The meaning of the above is to allow the machine all connect to the network requirements; network to connect to all of my zones (such as firewall fw, local loc) have dropped the connection request tcp packets, and logged. Reject all connection requests and logged (when the connection is refused, the firewall will return a RST (accession protocol is TCP) or an ICMP port unreachable packet to other protocols)

銆??/etc/shorewall/rules閰嶇疆濡備笅(涓?埇涓嶉渶瑕佸お澶ч厤缃紝闄ら潪浣犵殑鏈哄櫒杩愯浜嗘瘮濡傛兂web鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ箣绫荤殑涓滆タ銆傞渶瑕佺鍙ｅ紑鏀炬椂鍊欏啀鏉ラ厤缃鏂囦欢)

銆??杩欓噷鎴戦?鎷╀繚鎸侀粯璁わ紝灏辨槸娌℃湁瀹氫箟鐨勪笢瑗裤?濡傛灉浣犱互鍚庢兂寮?粈涔堢鍙ｏ紝灏辫嚜宸卞湪杩欎釜涓婇潰鍐欏氨鏄簡銆?On the various options, configuration files there are very detailed description.姣斿 ACCEPT net loc icmp echo-request灏辨槸璁╃綉缁滃彲浠ing鍒版湰鏈虹殑璁剧疆銆?After you have to open ftp, bt, pop3 and other ports, he himself set in the above!

銆??鍥涖?鍚姩shorewall

sudo shorewall start (note again a / var / lock / subsys to this folder, program needs, but ubuntu not in the directory, so to build their own! otherwise error message will be prompted)

銆??鎴栬?閲嶆柊鍚姩璁＄畻鏈哄氨鑷姩鍚姩浜嗭紝淇敼/etc/default/shorewall鐨勬枃浠讹紝鎶妔tarup鏀逛负1鍗冲彲銆?涓?埇鎯呭喌涓嬶紝濡傛灉浣犵殑杩愭皵瀹炲湪涓嶅ソ锛屽氨璇疯嚜宸辨妸璇ョ▼搴弆n涓?釜杩炴帴鍒皉cS.d涓?







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